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2.
J Clin Psychopharmacol ; 43(1): 55-59, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36584250

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Catatonia is a cluster of motor features present in multiple psychiatric and clinical diseases. It may be confused with delirium because both entities are classified according to the type and degree of psychomotor activity. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, criteria for catatonia secondary to medical conditions exclude comorbid catatonia and delirium; besides, there have been increasing reports about a comorbid presentation. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of comorbid catatonia and delirium, the therapeutic response to lorazepam, and the clinical characteristics of patients with an earlier diagnosis of delirium. METHODS: A total of 120 consecutive patients at a university hospital with an earlier diagnosis of delirium were evaluated using the Delirium Scale (confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit) and the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale for catatonia. In cases of a positive diagnosis of catatonia or catatonia/delirium, a therapeutic trial with intramuscular lorazepam was performed. FINDINGS: Thirty-one patients (26%) were positive for both catatonia and delirium, and 8 patients (7%) had catatonia. Sixty-six patients (55%) were positive only for delirium, and 5 patients (4%) were negative for delirium and catatonia. Lorazepam tests were applied on 22 patients. One in 9 patients with catatonia/delirium responded positively to lorazepam. Patients with catatonia had a 60% positive response rate. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study on lorazepam use in catatonia-delirium patients; however, further studies are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of lorazepam in these patients. Catatonia and catatonia/delirium are underdiagnosed in inpatient wards and should be routinely assessed in patients with an altered mental status.


Assuntos
Catatonia , Delírio , Humanos , Catatonia/diagnóstico , Catatonia/tratamento farmacológico , Catatonia/epidemiologia , Lorazepam/uso terapêutico , Pacientes Internados , Prevalência , Comorbidade , Hospitais , Delírio/diagnóstico , Delírio/tratamento farmacológico , Delírio/epidemiologia
3.
Prensa méd. argent ; 107(7): 349-352, 20210000. fig
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1358886

RESUMO

La colecistitis enfisematosa es una rara forma de presentación de la colecistitis aguda. Es causada por isquemia vascular y se caracteriza por la presencia de gas en la pared, en la luz o en ambas, la cual puede evolucionar a un cuadro de extrema urgencia asociada a una alta tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad. Se presenta un caso de un paciente con un cuadro de dolor abdominal con síntomas gastrointestinales y signos de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica con diagnóstico presuntivo de colecistitis enfisematosa que se realizó una colecistectomía laparoscopia de urgencia, con una adecuada evolución postoperatoria


Emphysematous cholecystitis is an uncommon variant of acute cholecystitis. It is caused by a vascular ischemia and characterized by the presence of gas in the wall, in the lumen, or in both. It can evolve into a life-threatening condition associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. We present a case of a patient who presented with abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, and signs of a systemic inflammatory response with a presumptive diagnosis of emphysematous cholecystitis. An emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed, with an adequate postoperative evolution


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Laparoscopia , Colecistite Enfisematosa/cirurgia , Colecistite Enfisematosa/patologia , Diagnóstico Precoce , Emergências
4.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 119(5): 317-324, 2021 10.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34569739

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Health care workers experience a tremendous strain while performing their activities, very frequently leading to stress, burnout syndrome, and psychopathological impact. The COVID-19 pandemic may cause physicians to suffer these effects even to a greater extent. Our objective was to describe the frequency of stress, burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression during the pandemic, and analyze the associations with different independent outcome measures. METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional study conducted 2 months after the lockdown was established in Argentina. Clinical specialists, surgeons, emergency physicians, and those with no direct contact with patients were surveyed using a sociodemographic questionnaire and 3 self-administered inventories: Health Professions Stress Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of stress was 93.7 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 90.33-96.2), burnout syndrome 73.5 % (95 % CI: 68.2-78.4), anxiety 44 % (95 % CI: 38.4-49.8), and depression 21.9 % (95 % CI: 17.3-26.9). No association was observed between the frequency and medical specialty. The frequency of burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression was significantly higher among residents and physicians working in the emergency department. CONCLUSIONS: Residents and emergency physicians working 24-hour shifts showed significantly higher percentages of burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression compared to staff and head physicians. These findings may be associated with a higher workload and less experience. It is compulsory to take preventive and therapeutic measures to protect those in the pandemic front line.


Introducción. Los trabajadores de la salud se encuentran sometidos a una gran tensión en el desarrollo de sus actividades, lo que genera alta frecuencia de estrés, desgaste laboral e impacto psicopatológico. La pandemia de COVID-19 podría provocar un incremento de estas entidades en los médicos. El objetivo fue describir la frecuencia de estrés, síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout), ansiedad y depresión durante la pandemia, y analizar las asociaciones con distintas variables independientes. Métodos. Estudio observacional, transversal, realizado dos meses después del inicio de la cuarentena en Argentina. Se encuestó a médicos de especialidades clínicas, quirúrgicas, solo de emergencias, y a aquellos sin contacto directo con pacientes, mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y tres inventarios autoadministrados: Health Professions Stress Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory y la Escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria. Resultados. La prevalencia de estrés fue del 93,7 % (IC95 %: 90,33-96,2), burnout 73,5 % (IC95 %: 68,2-78,4), ansiedad 44 % (IC95 %: 38,4- 49,8) y depresión 21,9 % (IC95 %: 17,3-26,9). No se observó asociación entre la frecuencia y el tipo de especialidad realizada. La frecuencia de burnout, ansiedad y depresión fue significativamente mayor en los médicos residentes y en aquellos que trabajan en emergencias. Conclusiones. Los médicos residentes y quienes trabajan en emergencias en turnos de 24 horas mostraron porcentajes significativamente más altos de burnout, ansiedad y depresión, en comparación con médicos de planta y con aquellos en posiciones de liderazgo. Estos hallazgos pueden estar asociados con una mayor carga de trabajo y una menor experiencia. Es mandatorio tomar medidas preventivas y terapéuticas para preservar a quienes hacen frente a esta pandemia. Palabras clave: COVID-19.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional , COVID-19 , Médicos , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Esgotamento Psicológico , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/epidemiologia , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Pandemias , Prevalência , SARS-CoV-2 , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(5): 317-324, oct. 2021. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1292029

RESUMO

Introducción. Los trabajadores de la salud se encuentran sometidos a una gran tensión en el desarrollo de sus actividades, lo que genera alta frecuencia de estrés, desgaste laboral e impacto psicopatológico. La pandemia de COVID-19 podría provocar un incremento de estas entidades en los médicos. El objetivo fue describir la frecuencia de estrés, síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout), ansiedad y depresión durante la pandemia, y analizar las asociaciones con distintas variables independientes. Métodos. Estudio observacional, transversal, realizado dos meses después del inicio de la cuarentena en Argentina. Se encuestó a médicos de especialidades clínicas, quirúrgicas, solo de emergencias, y a aquellos sin contacto directo con pacientes, mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y tres inventarios autoadministrados: Health Professions Stress Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory y la Escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria. Resultados. La prevalencia de estrés fue del 93,7 % (IC95 %: 90,33-96,2), burnout 73,5 % (IC95 %: 68,2-78,4), ansiedad 44 % (IC95 %: 38,4-49,8) y depresión 21,9 % (IC95 %: 17,3-26,9). No se observó asociación entre la frecuencia y el tipo de especialidad realizada. La frecuencia de burnout, ansiedad y depresión fue significativamente mayor en los médicos residentes y en aquellos que trabajan en emergencias. Conclusiones. Los médicos residentes y quienes trabajan en emergencias en turnos de 24 horas mostraron porcentajes significativamente más altos de burnout, ansiedad y depresión, en comparación con médicos de planta y con aquellos en posiciones de liderazgo. Estos hallazgos pueden estar asociados con una mayor carga de trabajo y una menor experiencia. Es mandatorio tomar medidas preventivas y terapéuticas para preservar a quienes hacen frente a esta pandemia.


Introduction. Health care workers experience a tremendous strain while performing their activities, very frequently leading to stress, burnout syndrome, and psychopathological impact. The COVID-19 pandemic may cause physicians to suffer these effects even to a greater extent. Our objective was to describe the frequency of stress, burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression during the pandemic, and analyze the associations with different independent outcome measures. Methods. Observational, cross-sectional study conducted 2 months after the lockdown was established in Argentina. Clinical specialists, surgeons, emergency physicians, and those with no direct contact with patients were surveyed using a sociodemographic questionnaire and 3 self-administered inventories: Health Professions Stress Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results. The prevalence of stress was 93.7 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 90.33-96.2), burnout syndrome 73.5 % (95 % CI: 68.2-78.4), anxiety 44 % (95 % CI: 38.4-49.8), and depression 21.9 % (95 % CI: 17.3-26.9). No association was observed between the frequency and medical specialty. The frequency of burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression was significantly higher among residents and physicians working in the emergency department. Conclusions. Residents and emergency physicians working 24-hour shifts showed significantly higher percentages of burnout syndrome, anxiety, and depression compared to staff and head physicians. These findings may be associated with a higher workload and less experience. It is compulsory to take preventive and therapeutic measures to protect those in the pandemic front line.


Assuntos
Humanos , Médicos , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , COVID-19 , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Depressão/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Esgotamento Psicológico , SARS-CoV-2 , Hospitais de Ensino
6.
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Dirección de Investigación en Salud; 2021. 1 p.
Não convencional em Espanhol | ARGMSAL, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1428953

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN actualmente la formación de cirujanos representa un desafío académico y social trascendental. El advenimiento de procedimientos mínimamente invasivos marca un hito histórico sin precedentes en la medicina. La efectividad de los programas de entrenamiento y simulación ha sido comprobada al demostrarse la transferencia de conocimientos desde la capacitación simulada al quirófano. El objetivo del estudio fue diseñar un programa educativo de simulación y entrenamiento laparoscópico gratuito y universal para médicos residentes de Cirugía general en el Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires en Argentina. MÉTODO el proyecto final tiene dos fases, interna y externa. En la primera se realizó un diagnóstico situacional institucional implementando los indicadores de tasa de complicaciones y el índice giro-cama ateniendo a los costos hospitalarios para el año 2021. Posteriormente, se implementó un programa de ejercicios básicos para todos los residentes de cirugía del hospital que consistirá en tres módulos registrando los tiempos necesarios para finalizar cada instancia. Al finalizar el programa de entrenamiento, se realizó un nuevo diagnóstico situacional para el período subsiguiente 2022 de manera de realizar un análisis comparativo. La fase externa del proceso contempló la valoración de la accesibilidad al centro gratuito por parte de residentes de cirugía pertenecientes a otras instituciones. RESULTADOS la tasa de morbimortalidad para el año 2022 fue menor que para el mismo período de 2021, lo que reflejó un incremento del indicador giro-cama y una disminución de los costos y estadía hospitalaria. La implementación del programa de entrenamiento entre ambos períodos comparados, demostró una mejoría estadísticamente significativa (p< 0.001) de las habilidades quirúrgicas y de los tiempos de cada ejercicio. Por otro lado, la implementación de un centro de gratuito garantizó la accesibilidad al entrenamiento laparoscópico de las instituciones formados de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. DISCUSIÓN el entrenamiento laparoscópico mediante simuladores constituye una herramienta de formación educativa y ejecutiva de carácter trascendental durante el aprendizaje de cirujanos en formación. Su implementación permite mejorar las habilidades quirúrgicas de los médicos residentes y en consecuencia de los factores técnicos que participan en la determinación de indicadores de salud institucionales.


Assuntos
Laparoscopia
7.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(4): 508-516, dic. 2020. graf, il, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1288163

RESUMO

RESUMEN Antecedentes: la fístula anastomótica (FA) es una de las complicaciones más severas de la cirugía colo rrectal. Su desarrollo obedece a múltiples factores dependientes del paciente y la técnica operatoria; entre estos últimos podemos mencionar la vascularización de los cabos como uno de los principales. La angiografía fluorescente (AF) permite la evaluación de ese factor en tiempo real durante la cirugía. Objetivo: describir la experiencia en el uso de la AF durante la cirugía colorrectal en un Hospital Uni versitario de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, registrar el cambio de conducta quirúrgica inducido por el uso de la AF y la incidencia de FA. Material y métodos: entre enero de 2016 y junio de 2018 se incluyeron 37 pacientes sometidos a resecciones colónicas programadas y con evaluación de la perfusión con AF. Resultados: la AF pudo realizarse en todos los pacientes con un tiempo operatorio extra de 3 a 9 mi nutos, registrando un cambio de conducta en 4 (10,81%) pacientes. Se registraron 2 (5,41%) fístulas anastomóticas. Conclusiones: la AF con verde de indocianina durante la cirugía colorrectal fue factible, sumó mínima complejidad y tiempo a la operación tradicional, y permitió cambiar la conducta en la sección intestinal en el 11% de los casos, con baja tasa de fístulas anastomóticas.


ABSTRACT Background: Anastomotic leak (AL) is one of the most feared complication of colorectal surgery. Its development is dependent of patient and surgery factors. Of these, bowel perfusion is one of the most important. Fluorescent angiography (FA) allows the identification in real time of the bowel perfusion. Objective: to describe the experience in the use of FA during colorectal surgery in a University Hospital setting in Buenos Aires, to register the change in surgical plan according to the FA findings and record the incidence of AL. Material y methods: Between January 2016 and June 2018, 37 patients with scheduled colorectal resections and FA bowel perfusion assessment were included. Results: Perfusion assessment with FA was possible in all cases with an extra operative time of 3 to 9 minutes, a change in surgical plan was registered in 4 cases (10.81%) and 2 AL were recorded (5.41%). Conclusions: FA during colorectal surgery is feasible, with minimum extra operative time and results in a change in surgical plan in 11% of the cases, and low rate of anastomotic fistula.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Angiofluoresceinografia , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Colo/cirurgia , Colectomia , Cirurgia Colorretal , Fístula Anastomótica
8.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 48(6): 296-300, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-200340

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Validar al castellano la escala de diagnóstico y cuantificación de catatonía de Bush-Francis (BFCRS). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Luego del proceso de traducción y aprobación por los autores, se evaluaron las propiedades diagnósticas y psicométricas de la subescala de 14 signos (BFCSI) y la escala de 23 signos (BF-CRS) en pacientes hospitalizados (n = 42; 24 catatónicos y 18 no catatónicos), de un hospital universitario. Los pacientes fueron previamente evaluados utilizando criterios DSM-5 de catatonía, y posteriormente con la versión en castellano de la BFCRS. RESULTADOS: Con la utilización de la BFCSI y BFCRS la discriminación clínica entre pacientes catatónicos y no catatónicos mostró una diferencia significativa. Se utilizó el índice de Kappa para evaluar concordancia entre evaluadores con diferentes valores de corte en la BFCSI. Con un valor de corte ≥ 2 (sugerido por los autores origina-les), el índice Kappa fue de 0,6202. Con valores de corte ≥ 3 y ≥ 4, los índices de Kappa fueron 0,95 y 0,81 respectivamente. Con un valor de corte BFCSI ≥ 3, la sensibilidad del instrumento fue de 83,33con una especificidad de 88,89. El punto de corte ≥ 3 presentó un valor de ROC AREA de 0,8611 (+ - 0,0544); CI 95 % :( 0,75444-0,96778).La BFCRS (23 signos) mostró una correlación de Spearman Rho de 0,9443. Además, DSM-5 y BFCSI mostraron una correlación de Rho Spearman de 0,8002. CONCLUSIÓN: Al igual que la versión original, la versión argentina en castellano de BFCRS posee alta validez, confiabilidad y confiabilidad en la detección de catatonia


OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to validate the Spanish version of the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The original scale in English was adapted into Spanish (Argentina) by 2 translators. Diagnostic and Psychometric properties of both subscales (the 14 signs screening tool and the 23 signs of the BFCRS) were assessed in inpatients (n = 42. 24 catatonic and 18 non-catatonic), of a University Hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Patients were previously evaluated for catatonia using DSM-5 criteria and then were appraised with the Spanish version of BFCRS. RESULTS: Using BFCSI and BFCRS, clinical discrimination between catatonic and non-catatonic patients showed significant difference. Kappa interrater agreement was obtained with different cut-off values. When using a cut-off value ≥ 2 (suggest-ed by the original authors) Kappa index was 0,6202. With cut-off values ≥ 3 and ≥ 4 Kappa indexes were 0,95 and 0,81 respectively. A BFCSI cut-off value ≥ 3, an instrument sensitivity of 83,33% and a specificity of 88,89, was achieved, using DSM-5 criteria as referenced test. A cut-off ≥ 3 has and exact value of ROC AREA of 0,8611 (+- 0,0544);CI95%:(0,75444-0,96778). BFCRS (23 signs) showed a Rho spearman ́s correlation of 0,9443. In addition, DSM-5 and BFCSI showed a Rho Spearman ́s correlation of 0,8002.CONCLUSION: Like the original version, the Argentinian Spanish version of BFCRS shows high validity, reliability, and inter-rater reliability indexes for detecting cases of catatonia


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Catatonia/diagnóstico , Catatonia/epidemiologia , Psicometria/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Eletroconvulsoterapia , Prevalência , Esquizofrenia/epidemiologia
9.
J. negat. no posit. results ; 5(7): 721-725, jul. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-192329

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Pandemia infectocontagiosa puede afectar a los equipos quirúrgicos actuantes. OBJETIVO: Presentar nuevo listado de verificación de cirugía segura. MÉTODO: Verificación en potenciales pacientes COVID-19 en el uso de instrumentos y vestuario tanto en la entrada como al finalizar el acto quirúrgico registrada en el reverso de la actual lista de verificación por el equipo quirúrgico actuante. CONCLUSIÓN: Aporte para prevención de equipos quirúrgicos actuantes


BACKGROUND: Infected pandemic may affect surgical team. OBJECTIVE: New safe surgery checklist was presented. METHOD: Checklist of safe surgery in potential COVID-19 patients with verification of the equipment surgical and the locker room used at the initial as well as in the removal end of surgical act registered on the back of the current checklist by the operating surgical team. CONCLUSION: Selfless contribution to protect the surgical team


Assuntos
Humanos , Pandemias/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/normas , Gestão da Segurança/métodos , Infecção Hospitalar/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Precauções Universais/métodos , Segurança do Paciente/normas , Lista de Checagem/métodos , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/normas , Argentina/epidemiologia
10.
Surg Endosc ; 34(2): 675-685, 2020 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31062156

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Incisionless fluorescent cholangiography (IFC) has recently been proven feasible, safe, and efficacious as an intraoperative procedure to help identify extrahepatic bile ducts during laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC). We conducted a pilot survey of 51 surgeons attending an international conference who perform endoscopic cholecystectomies to identify their typical LC practices, and perceptions of IFC. METHODS: An international panel of ten IFC experts, all with > 500 prior IFC procedures and related research publications, convened during the 4th International Congress of Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Boca Raton, Florida in February 2017. The panel was charged with developing questions about LC practices and experience with IFC, and perceptions regarding its advantages, barriers to use, and indications. These questions then were asked to other congress attendees during one of the didactic sessions using an online polling application. Attendees, who ranged from zero to considerable experience performing IFC, accessed the survey via their portable devices. RESULTS: Of the 51 survey participants, 51% were from North America; 77% identified themselves as general/minimally invasive surgeons, and roughly 60% performed under 50 cholecystectomies/year. Only 12% performed routine intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), while 72.3% routinely performed critical safety reviews. Thirty-five percent estimated that their institution's laparoscopic-to-open surgery conversion rate was > 1% during LC. Roughly 95% of respondents felt that surgeons should have access to a noninvasive method for evaluating extrahepatic biliary structures; 84% felt that the most advantageous characteristic of IFC is the lack of any biliary-tree incision; and 93.3% felt that IFC would have considerable educational value in surgical training programs; and 78% felt that any surgeon who performs LC could benefit. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons who participated in our survey overwhelmingly recommended the routine use of IFC during laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a complimentary imaging technique. Prospective randomized clinical trials remain necessary to determine whether IFC reduces the incidence of bile duct injuries and other LC complications.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico , Ductos Biliares Extra-Hepáticos/diagnóstico por imagem , Colangiografia/métodos , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/métodos , Percepção , Doenças dos Ductos Biliares/cirurgia , Congressos como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(2): 171-177, 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125798

RESUMO

Antecedentes: la colecistectomía laparoscópica es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos más frecuentemente realizados. Las diferencias en la anatomía y en el grado de inflamación vesicular suelen causar dificultades técnicas intraoperatorias. Objetivo: determinar el valor de la proteína C reactiva (PCR) y la velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG) como predictores de colecistectomía dificultosa y evaluar su aplicación en la planificación prequirúrgica de un programa de residencia universitario. Material y métodos: se confeccionó un estudio retrospectivo, analítico, en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel. Se incluyeron 104 pacientes adultos operados de colecistectomía laparoscópica por litiasis vesicular sintomática entre enero y julio de 2019. Se categorizó a los pacientes en un grupo de colecistectomías dificultosas y otro de colecistectomías no dificultosas. Resultados: se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar los valores de VSG y PCR de ambos grupos (p < 0,001). La sensibilidad de la VSG fue del 100%, la especificidad del 45%, el VPP del 40% y el VPN de 100%. La sensibilidad de la PCR fue del 87,5%, la especificidad del 86,3%, el VPP del 70% y el VPN de 95%. Ambos parámetros se vieron elevados en 14 de 16 colecistectomías dificultosas y en 2 de 44 colecistectomías no dificultosas. La sensibilidad para ambos parámetros elevados fue del 87,5%, la especificidad del 95%, el VPP del 87,5% y el VPN de 95%. Conclusión: la VSG y la PCR han demostrado ser un método fiable en la predicción de colecistectomías dificultosas por litiasis vesicular sintomática. Esto podría ser aplicado en la programación de cirugías dentro de un programa de residencia universitario.


Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in general surgery. The anatomical differences of the gallbladder and the presence of factors related to inflammation can cause technical issues during surgery. Objective: the aim of the present study was to determine the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as predictors of difficult cholecystectomy and to evaluate their application during presurgical planning within a university residency program. Material and methods: we conducted a retrospective and analytical study in a tertiary university hospital. A total of 104 adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to symptomatic cholelithiasis between January and July 2019 were included. The patients were categorized into two groups: difficult cholecystectomy and non-difficult cholecystectomy. Results: there were statistically significant differences in ESR and CRP values between both groups (p < 0.001). Sensitivity of ESR was 100%, specificity was 45%, with a PPV of 40% and NPV of 100%. Sensitivity of CRP was 87.5%, specificity was 86.3%, with a PPV of 70% and NPV of 95%. Both parameters were elevated in 14 of 16 difficult cholecystectomies and in 2 of 44 non-difficult cholecystectomies. Sensitivity of CRP was 87.5%, specificity was 86.3%, with a PPV of 70% and NPV of 95%. Conclusion: measuring ESR and CRP has proved to be a reliable method to predict difficult cholecystectomies due to symptomatic cholelithiasis. This could be applied for surgical planning within a university residency program.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/métodos , Cirurgia Geral/métodos , Sedimentação Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hospitais Universitários , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Internato e Residência
13.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 30(1): 1-10, mar. 2019. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1023345

RESUMO

La morbilidad y alteración de la calidad de vida asociadas a la resección anterior del recto y amputación abdominoperineal determinaron un gran interés en el desarrollo del abordaje transanal. En los últimos años se ha visto un marcado desarrollo tecnológico en los dispositivos disponible para este abordaje. La cirugía por vía transanal ofrece ventajas en cuanto a sus resultados y complicaciones cuando se la compara a la cirugía por vía abdominal. La cirugía transanal mini-invasiva surge como una alternativa de abordaje videoendoscópico del recto. La resección local por cirugía endoscópica para los pólipos grandes de recto se ha convertido en un nuevo estándar de tratamiento en la mayoría de los centros, obteniendo piezas no fragmentadas con una alta tasa de márgenes negativos. En el presente estudio realizamos una revisión sobre la aplicación de TAMIS (TransAnal Minimally Invasive Surgery) al tratamiento de los pólipos de recto. (AU)


A great interest has developed in implementing trans anal minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of rectal adenomas and early rectal tumors. It present advantages when compare to radical surgery and peace meal endoscopic resections. TAMIS delivers non-fragmented specimens with clear resection margin in the majority of the cases. Such good technical results are mirrored with a low recurrence rate when evaluating rectal adenomas. This is a review of the application of TAMIS for the treatment of rectal adenomas. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reto/cirurgia , Pólipos Intestinais/cirurgia , Pólipos Intestinais/epidemiologia , Cirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/instrumentação , Cirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Qualidade de Vida , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retais/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Resultado do Tratamento , Sobreviventes , Incontinência Fecal/epidemiologia
14.
Ann Surg ; 270(6): 992-999, 2019 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30614881

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Incisionless near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography (NIFC) is emerging as a promising tool to enhance the visualization of extrahepatic biliary structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomies. METHODS: We conducted a single-blind, randomized, 2-arm trial comparing the efficacy of NIFC (n = 321) versus white light (WL) alone (n = 318) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Using the KARL STORZ Image1 S imaging system with OPAL1 technology for NIR/ICG imaging, we evaluated the detection rate for 7 biliary structures-cystic duct (CD), right hepatic duct (RHD), common hepatic duct, common bile duct, cystic common bile duct junction, cystic gallbladder junction (CGJ), and accessory ducts -before and after surgical dissection. Secondary calculations included multivariable analysis for predictors of structure visualization and comparing intergroup biliary duct injury rates. RESULTS: Predissection detection rates were significantly superior in the NIFC group for all 7 biliary structures, ranging from 9.1% versus 2.9% to 66.6% versus 36.6% for the RHD and CD, respectively, with odds ratios ranging from 2.3 (95% CI 1.6-3.2) for the CGJ to 3.6 (1.6-9.3) for the RHD. After dissection, similar intergroup differences were observed for all structures except CD and CGJ, for which no differences were observed. Significant odds ratios ranged from 2.4 (1.7-3.5) for the common hepatic duct to 3.3 (1.3-10.4) for accessory ducts. Increased body mass index was associated with reduced detection of most structures in both groups, especially before dissection. Only 2 patients, both in the WL group, sustained a biliary duct injury. CONCLUSIONS: In a randomized controlled trial, NIFC was statistically superior to WL alone visualizing extrahepatic biliary structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02702843.


Assuntos
Colangiografia , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/métodos , Fluoroscopia , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Fluorescência , Corantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Verde de Indocianina , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Método Simples-Cego
15.
Rev. chil. cir ; 69(6): 459-466, dic. 2017. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-899637

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo: Las anomalías pancreáticas del desarrollo son un espectro de variaciones anatómicas, entre las que se destaca el páncreas divisum; su asociación con la pancreatitis aguda continúa siendo controversial. Materiales y métodos: En primer término se realizó una investigación no experimental de corte transversal sobre 100 piezas duodenopancreáticas cadavéricas y en segunda instancia se analizó el reporte de caso de un paciente con colestasis extrahepática y pancreatitis aguda asociadas a la portación de páncreas divisum. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia del sistema descompresivo pancreático. Resultados: Existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre las dimensiones del conducto pancreático accesorio y su relación con la permeabilidad. En cuanto a la volumetría pancreática, la sección correspondiente al tercio superior cefálico, cuello, cuerpo y cola del órgano registró una dimensión media de 21,99 cm3, mientras que la sección de los dos tercios cefálicos restantes fue de 8,17 cm3. Simultáneamente, el paciente reportado presentó cuadro clínico de pancreatitis con amilasa de 280 UI/l y lipasa de 173 UI/l asociado a colestasis. Al segundo día de internación se realizó colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica con papilotomía duodenal mayor y extracción de múltiples cálculos coledocianos, evidenciando un páncreas divisum completo. Discusión: El caso expuesto exhibe que la pancreatitis, en presencia de páncreas divisum, tendría la denominación de una pancreatitis ventral subclínica. Conclusión: El páncreas divisum sería un predictor determinante de pancreatitis aguda al perder el mecanismo descompresivo protector pancreático.


Abstract Purpose: Pancreatic developmental anomalies are a spectrum of anatomical variations, including the pancreas divisum, where its association with acute pancreatitis continues being controversial. Materials and methods: Firstly, a non-experimental cross-sectional study was carried out on one hundred cadaveric duodenpancreatic pieces, and secondly was analyzed the case report of a patient with extrahepatic cholestasis and acute pancreatitis associated with pancreas divisum. The objective was to determinate the prevalence of the decompressive pancreatic system. Results: There is a statistically significant difference between the dimensions of the accessory pancreatic duct and its relation with the permeability. In terms of pancreatic volumetry, the section corresponding to the upper third cephalic, neck, body and tail of the organ registers an average dimension of 21.99 cm3, while the section of the last two thirds cephalic was 8.17 cm3. Simultaneously, the patient reported presented a pancreatitis with amylase 280 UI/l, lipase 173 UI/l, associated with cholestasis. On the second day of hospitalization, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed with a greater duodenal papillotomy and extraction of multiple common bile duct stones, evidencing a complete pancreas divisum. Discussion: The exposed case shows that pancreatitis, in presence of pancreas divisum, would have the denomination of a subclinical ventral pancreatitis. Conclusion: The pancreas divisum would be a predictor of acute pancreatitis by losing the decompressive pancreatic protective mechanism.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pâncreas/anormalidades , Pancreatite/etiologia , Cadáver , Doença Aguda , Estudos Transversais
16.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 17(1): 90-91, mar. 2017. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-843038

RESUMO

Mujer de 43 años que consultó a guardia por dolor en el compartimiento central del cuello, región retroesternal y disfagia de 48 hs. de evolución, asociado a fiebre y escalofríos. Refirió ingesta de carne molida (hamburguesa) antes del comienzo de los síntomas. En el examen físico se constato temperatura de 38 °C, eritema en región paratraqueal izquierda con dolor a la palpación y enfisema subcutáneo y en el laboratorio tenía un recuento de glóbulos blancos de 13.000/mm3. En las imágenes de cuello y tórax se confirmo la presencia de enfisema subcutáneo en región cervical izquierda, cuerpo extraño en esófago cervical y rarefacción de la grasa paratraqueal izquierda (Fig. 1 a y b, flechas). Se realizó esofagoscopia rígida para remoción del cuerpo extraño (vidrio), drenaje de absceso cervical y mediastino superior, esofagostoma cervical y gastrostomía de alimentación (Fig. 2 a y b, flechas). El hallazgo fue una perforación en el borde izquierdo de 2 cm de diámetro y otra de 5 mm en cara posterior del esófago cervical con absceso paraesofágico. La paciente evoluciono favorablemente, cumplió 7 días de tratamiento antibiótico y se otorgo alta institucional con control ambulatorio


Assuntos
Perfuração Esofágica , Esôfago
17.
Surg Endosc ; 28(9): 2730-3, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24737531

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The unique property of sodium fluorescein has made it ideal for use in medical applications such as diagnostic ophthalmology and intravenous angiography. It is mainly excreted via the renal system and although extensively used in these diagnostic applications, it has not been widely used to aid in the visualization of the ureters. It is possible to visualize the urinary tract by shining a source of light and studying the fluorescence using a special filter. The goal of our study was to assess the real-time visualization of ureters using intravenous sodium fluorescein under the stimulus of a 530 nm wavelength light. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine 250 gm Wister rats were given an intravenous dose of 0.01 ml of sodium fluorescein. A laparotomy was immediately performed following the administration of dye. Anesthesia was performed with an intraperitoneal dose of ketamine-xylazine. The retroperitoneum was exposed and observed under an alternating white xenon and a 530 nm excitation light with an objective to visualize the organs captured within the fluorescence of the compound (sodium fluorescein). RESULTS: Under xenon light, the location of the kidneys and urinary bladder were visualized, but not the ureters. The light was then changed to a 530 nm wavelength mode when the location and orientation of the ureters was visualized along with the peristaltic movements. Fluorescence visualization of the ureters was noted 5-10 min following kidney visualization. In addition, the vascular structures in close proximity to the ureters were also visualized. None of the rats underwent any retroperitoneal dissection, and in one case, partial mobilization of a kidney was undertaken. All rats were euthanized at the completion of the procedure. CONCLUSION: Intravenous administration of sodium fluorescein enables fluorescence visualization of the ureters in a rat model, after activation with a 530 nm light transmitter.


Assuntos
Fluoresceína , Corantes Fluorescentes , Ureter/metabolismo , Administração Intravenosa , Animais , Infusões Intravenosas , Rim/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Bexiga Urinária/metabolismo
18.
Prensa méd. argent ; 96(2): 112-114, abr. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-560964

RESUMO

Valvulus of the caecum constitutes an uncommon cause of surgical obstructive acute abdomen. It is originated in the torsion of a mobile segment of the colon, surrounding its mesenteric axis. The caecum is the second most frequent localization, after the sigmoid colon. The usual picture of volvulus of the caecum is of an acute, complete intestinal obstruction with enormous abdominal distention. Patients who develop this form of volvulus possess a caecum and ascending colon with a free mesenterium. Unless this entity is early recognized, it can progress to a colonic ischemia, perforation, sepsis and death. The definitve surgical treatment is the right hemicolectomy. An illustrative case is reported, with a complete description of the clinical features and the surgical management performed.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Abdome Agudo/patologia , Cecostomia , Endoscopia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Laparoscopia , Volvo Intestinal/patologia
19.
Prensa méd. argent ; 96(2): 112-114, abr. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-124364

RESUMO

Valvulus of the caecum constitutes an uncommon cause of surgical obstructive acute abdomen. It is originated in the torsion of a mobile segment of the colon, surrounding its mesenteric axis. The caecum is the second most frequent localization, after the sigmoid colon. The usual picture of volvulus of the caecum is of an acute, complete intestinal obstruction with enormous abdominal distention. Patients who develop this form of volvulus possess a caecum and ascending colon with a free mesenterium. Unless this entity is early recognized, it can progress to a colonic ischemia, perforation, sepsis and death. The definitve surgical treatment is the right hemicolectomy. An illustrative case is reported, with a complete description of the clinical features and the surgical management performed.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Volvo Intestinal/patologia , Abdome Agudo/patologia , Cecostomia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Endoscopia , Laparoscopia
20.
Prensa méd. argent ; 95(9): 578-580, nov. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-530070

RESUMO

Duodenal leiomyomas are unfrequent gastrointestinal submucosal tumors. Endoscopic ultrasonography is an important procedure for the differential diagnosis of these type of tumors of the digestive system. A female patient presenting a duodenal submucosal tumor is presented. She was submitted to emergency surgical management because of a perforation following a duodenal endoscopic ultrasonography. The surgical procedure performed is detailed and the result is commented.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duodeno/patologia , Endossonografia , Leiomioma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/cirurgia , Perfuração Esofágica , Perfuração Intestinal
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